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Exeter News-Letter free online dating.Exeter News-Letter free online dating InformationASR is one example of a more general problem known as Alkali Aggregate Reaction [AAR]. ASR is a chemical process in which alkalis, usually predominantly from the cement, combine with certain types of silica in the aggregate when moisture is present. This reaction produces an alkali-silica gel that can absorb water and expand to cause cracking and disruption of the concrete. For damaging reaction to take place the following need to be present in sufficient quantities. High alkali cement Reactive aggregate [e.g. crushed greywacke type sandstone] MoistureStructures most at risk are bridges, hydraulic structures, exposed frames [e.g. open multistorey car parks] and foundations. In relation to total construction volume, the incidence of significant damage due to ASR in the UK is small. ASR was discovered in the USA in the 1940s; no case was found in the UK until 1971 [in a concrete dam in Jersey]. The problem is known to exist in at least 35 countries. Affected concrete often exhibits map cracking of the surface, known colloquially as Isle of Man cracking after that island`s three legged emblem. In heavily loaded sections the cracking will probably follow the line of the main reinforcement. An excellent overview of the phenomenon can be found in BRE Digest 330. Since the early 1980s recommendations have been produced and refined to the stage where ASR is unlikely if these are adopted. Principal methods include. · Controlling the level of available alkalis in the concrete mix. · Using pfa and/or ggbs as a partial cement replacement Full details of these recommendations can be found in Concrete Society report TR No: 30 [Third Edition] often known as the Hawkins report. At a time when recycling of materials has become a priority it should be noted that this report recommends that recycled aggregates (including crushed concrete and other demolition wastes) should be regarded as highly reactive. This is a precautionary measure pending further knowledge about their long-term behaviour. Further work is going on to investigate the use of silica fume, metakaolin and lithium salts to achieve the same objective. Research has indicated that air entrainment is not significantly beneficial in inhibiting the problem. This work is being supervised by a BRE Working Party and an Information Paper, IP 1/02 Minimising the risk of alkali-silica reaction: alternative methods, has now been published. 3.2 Diagnosis If ASR is suspected, then an investigation should follow. The extent of this investigation should be related to the criticality of the structure and the perceived intensity of the reaction. Full details of a diagnosis programme can be found in BCA report The diagnosis of alkali-silica reaction. In essence this report recommends the following: · A desk study to ascertain the source and analyses of materials used. · Critical examination of site to determine if causes other than ASR are present · Sampling e.g. by coring in selected areas · Thin section petrography and other analysis of samples to determine the cause of cracking · Report and recommendation on whether remedial treatment is required 3.3 Structural Aspects If ASR has been diagnosed, then remedial treatment may be required. This may take one of the following forms: · Regular monitoring of the structure to check that deterioration does not reach dangerous proportions. This requires experienced engineering judgement · Detailed check on the structural details to establish criticality; in particular a critical examination of the robustness of the reinforcement detailing · Measures to reduce the amount of water available to the structure. · Limited strengthening of the structure · Partial or full demolition followed by re-building Further details of these possible actions are available from the IStructE report Structural effects of alkali-silica reaction People who visit this site are also interested in online dating,free online dating,dating,personals,singles,dating service,matchmaking,free dating,free personals,personal ads,love,dating site,service,online dating service,matchmaker,romance,dating services,free dating service,online,free online dating service,friends,free,services,woman,relationship,date,local singles,internet dating,dating sites,free dating sites,free dating site,brides,women,dating advice,free dating online,man,chat,myspace,online personals,lover,site,relationships,adult personals,marriage,girls,girlfriend,lady,girl,gay,meet singles,social networking,lesbian,romantic,match,fitness singles,pictures,online dating site,dating websites,photos,personals featured personals,discussion forums,penpal,personal web site,athletic dating,fit singles,forums,free adult dating,meet people,hot girl,Matchmaking Sites,hot guy,men,hot woman,internet,match special,internet personal,love quizzes,ladies,guy,girl friend,friendship,free chat,Free Dating Blog,free dating community,Free Dating Services,free matchmaking,free online dating site,Free Online Dating Sites,music,freedating,meeting,friend finder,love horoscopes,sites offering free online dating,single,chemistry match,american singles,sexy woman,sexy girl,sexy,agency,senior dating,adult dating,chat room,single connection,single man,sites,blogging,single romance,match maker,special match,athletic singles,athletes dating,athletes,single man seeking woman,web,romance online,dating for athletes,dating community,contact,dating chat,date ideas,romantic date ideas,chat online,wedding,soul mate,active singles,relationship advice,meet people online,White and American Indian,straight,teen,sugar daddy dating,meet single people online,members,meeting women,love cards,meeting men,Social Network,Social Networking Website,love ecards,love partner,soulmate,women seeking men,soulmates,Meet Friends,webpersonals,web site,matchmaking dating free,matchmaker Our mission,UK,matching,match.com,USA,video,massive multiplayer games,horoscope,matchmaker.com,totally free personals,Malaysia,mating,mate relationships,mate,webcam chat,Matchmaking.,tips,webcam,top free dating sites,Toronto,matchmaking dating online,web date,plentyoffish.com,perfect partners,perfect match,people,send flirts,passion,partner,onlinedating,serious,sex,online matchmaking and dating,online dating sites,sexy men,personal,seeking,plentyoffish,plenty of fish com,plenty of fish,Play Free Online Games,printable,picture rating site,puzzle games,rating site,photo profiles,photo personals,personals community,rich men dating sites,sexy singles,online dating reviews,nashville dating,nashville chatrooms,nashville chat,Single Moms,nashville,Single Parents,Muslim,Single Women,singles women,military singles,military dating service,military dating,Single Men,nashville personals,online dating review,sexy women,online Dating Games.,Online Community,Singapore,Personal Profiles,new york city,yahoo personals,Single Dads,Networking,net matchmaker,nashville singles,men seeking women,looking for long term relationship,datinghall,community,college students,classmates,Classified Personal Ads,classified,christian,chicago singles,chicago personals,chicago dating,chicago chatrooms,chicago chat,chicago,chatrooms,Chat Rooms,cards,card,Canada,connecting,connection,consumersearch,datingdirect uk online,dating site reviews,dating singles,Dating Personals,dating matchmaking,dating greetings,Dating Games,Dating For Free,dating direct,dating cards,dating agency,dates,DateFree,date.com,Cyber Dating,courting,couples,cam,california,anonymous,animated,american,Adults Social Networking,Adult Networking,adult friend finder,adult,activity partners,action games,acquaintance,420 singles,420 single,420 personals,420 friendly,420 dating,420 date spot,420 chat rooms,Argentina,Argentinian,articles,Buddhist,brooklyn personals,brooklyn dating,brooklyn chatrooms,brooklyn chat,brooklyn,bride,bom,blogs,bisexuals,bi-sexual,best online dating services and online dating. |
